Urban areas face the challenge of growing populations while minimizing environmental impact. Sustainable development involves green infrastructure, efficient public transport, and affordable housing. Integrating technology for smart city solutions improves resource management and quality of life. However, balancing economic growth with social equity and environmental protection remains complex. Citizen engagement and policy innovation are vital. Successful models worldwide offer lessons for future urban planning. Sustainable cities are key to achieving global climate and development goals, fostering resilient and inclusive communities.